Congestive Heart Failure Symptoms, Stages, & Classification - The ...
WEBFeb 13, 2024 · Congestive heart failure is a potentially life-threatening condition that impacts millions of people. However, patients with congestive heart failure may be asymptomatic until functional remodeling of the heart occurs. 1 In addition, heart failure is often overlooked or misdiagnosed, particularly in older adults. 2 To help health care providers increase patient awareness, this article covers ...
Beta Blockers in Heart Failure Management - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBFeb 12, 2024 · Beta blockers are the mainstay heart failure treatment for patients with an LVEF of up to 40%, as seen in HFrEF. 2 High-quality evidence from multiple RCTs indicates that beta blockers can boost clinical status by improving left ventricular function and reducing symptoms of heart failure, and the risk of hospitalization and mortality. 2 In ...
Hypertensive Crisis, Urgency, & Emergency - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBUpdated: 05/20/2024. A hypertensive crisis is a severe increase in blood pressure (systolic ≥180 mm Hg and/or diastolic ≥110 mm Hg). 1 Without immediate intervention, severe cases can be fatal. 1 There are 2 types of hypertensive crises: hypertensive urgency and hypertensive emergency. 1 A hypertensive urgency is a severe elevation in blood pressure in an otherwise stable patient who does ...
HS-CRP: High Sensitivity CRP (C-reactive Protein)
WEBNov 17, 2022 · C-reactive protein (CRP) is an acute-phase protein produced in the liver as part of the body’s natural inflammatory response. 1,2 It is produced in greater volumes when inflammatory conditions are present, with high concentrations indicating more serious inflammation of the patient’s system. 1 CRP tests, which measure the concentration of CRP in blood plasma, are a useful non-specific ...
FFR: Fractional Flow Reserve - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBDec 5, 2022 · FFR Definition & Description. FFR is defined as ratio of pressure measured in coronary segment distal to stenosis (Pd) and pressure measured proximal to stenosis, usually aortic pressure (Pa) or pressure measured in healthy proximal coronary segment. Fractional flow reserve formula is FFR = Pd/Pa. 3 FFR …
Antianginal Drugs - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBNov 17, 2022 · Antianginal Drugs in Summary. Angina is chest pain or chest discomfort due to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand. 1,2 Angina is a predictor of future cardiovascular events; therefore, angina treatment goals are to prevent myocardial infarction (MI) and death, and to alleviate symptoms of angina. 1-3 …
PCI vs CABG - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are two options for the treatment and management of coronary artery disease. Advancements in imaging techniques, including computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, intravascular ultrasound, and optical coherence tomography, have improved the detection of patients’ needs for PCI vs CABG interventions.
Angina vs Heart Attack: Comparing Presentations and Treatments
WEBFeb 26, 2024 · Angina is commonly expressed as a tight, squeezing, or burning sensation of the chest. Some people with angina may not experience pain, but have other symptoms such as shortness of breath or fatigue. Symptoms of angina can be different for women and men. 2. Angina is very common, affecting over 10 million people in the United States.
Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBNov 16, 2022 · A myocardial perfusion imaging test is used to assess the blood flow through the heart muscle and is useful in patients experiencing chest discomfort. It is commonly known as a nuclear stress test. Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) agents have been researched and developed to aid in early diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD) and treatment planning.
Drugs for Atrial Arrhythmia - The Cardiology Advisor
WEBAug 16, 2024 · Stroke prevention: reduces risk of forming blood clots. Anticoagulants: warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban. Heart rate control: lowers the heart rate by inhibiting the effects of stress hormones on your heart and blood vessels. Beta-blockers: atenolol, metoprolol tartrate, propranolol. Calcium channel blockers: Diltiazem, verapamil.