First up, is the default Arduino programming language -- which is a limited version of the C/C++ languages. To use it, you'll need to download the regular IDE software that's available for a ...

Arduino started as software only, originally ... Arduino’s CLI 1.0 tool makes it easy for users to program and upload code via a command line interface that bypasses the Arduino IDE.

With the Arduino put into programming mode ... because they can easily update the software on their own without a lot of fuss.

The Arduino software environment ... at least. When you build a program… Yes, it’s a “program” not a “sketch”, a “daughter board” not a “shield”, and a “linker” not ...