As Q1 conducts less it reduce the output voltage hence maintains the output voltage constant. Below circuit diagram for overvoltage protection is built using Zener diode and PNP transistor. This ...

Voltage regulator circuits that utilize Zener diodes are commonly used as reference voltage sources for integrated circuits (ICs) because they provide a near-constant voltage with ... regulators, the ...

Additionally, the voltage ... circuits which require matched pairs of zener diodes. The circuit is designed with the ATMEGA328 microcontroller IC. The standalone Arduino technique is adopted here ...

Abstract: This study demonstrates the protection effects using transient voltage suppressor (TVS) diodes-based circuits under high power microwave (HPM) pulses. Two types of TVS diodes were studied, ...

Save guides, add subjects and pick up where you left off with your BBC account. You need to know how to investigate how current changes with voltage for a component, eg for a resistor (or wire) at ...

Abstract: ESD protection in RF integrated circuits has several considerations: low parasitic capacitance, constant input capacitance, and insensitive to substrate coupling noise. In this paper, a new ...

The circuit ... the voltage from LM317 cannot be less than 1.25V which is the inner reference voltage of the device. The voltage output can only be less than this value if proper biasing is done. The ...