Specifically, we proposed a Vision Encoder Decoder (ViT-) model for the image captioning task and integrated the GPT transformer for the preceding caption summarization. Our findings underscore the ...

The GPT-2 decoder, known for its proficiency in language generation, takes the encoded image data and generates a sequence of tokens, forming the image caption. The GPT-2 model uses a ...

But not all transformer applications require both the encoder and decoder module. For example, the GPT family of large language models uses stacks of decoder modules to generate text.

Based on the vanilla Transformer model, the encoder-decoder architecture consists of two stacks: ... Both input and output tokens are processed within the same decoder. Notable models like GPT-1, ...

GPT: The unidirectional context may be more straightforward to follow but lacks the depth of bidirectional context. T5: The encoder-decoder framework provides a clear separation of processing steps ...