Transistors are inevitable parts of Electronic circuits. The success of a circuit design lies in the selection of proper transistor type and calculation of voltage and current flowing through it. A ...

In regards to “The one thing we missed in the video is clarification about base current protection for PNP transistors ... As an example, an old fashioned TTL circuits (like 7400), can’t ...

In the early days, PNP bipolar transistors were common, but the bulk of circuits you see today use NPN transistors. As [Aaron Danner] points out, many people think PNP transistors are “backwa… ...

For example, only two transistors are needed for both the OR and AND gates, whereas a total of six transistors are needed in the corresponding conventional CMOS circuit 27,28.