50 B.C. Following his victories in Gaul, Julius Caesar attempts to return to Rome, but his former ally Pompey and his enemies in the Senate instead order him to lay down his command. January 10-11 ...

Now holding real power, Caesar allied himself with two key people, Pompey and Crassus. Pompey was a war hero who had been badly treated by the Senate, while Crassus was a multimillionaire.

January happens to be the birth month of Cleopatra, who arguably tops the list of the most fascinating women in history. She was not the first queen or power figure in Egypt—there were Sobekneferu, ...

A 2,000-year-old almond-shaped lead bullet, inscribed with "CAES" and likely fired from a slingshot, offers a tantalizing glimpse into a forgotten chapter of Roman history. Discovered near ...

He defeated Pompey in a civil war and declared himself ... His adopted son Octavian became Augustus, the first Roman Emperor. Julius Caesar's invasion of Britain came almost 100 years before ...

This is a Short History of the Roman Republic. Written by Kate Simants. With thanks to Dr. David Gwynn, Professor of Roman History at Royal Holloway University.

The story of the civil war has often been told: it took Caesar four years to bring the various constellations of his enemies to heel, but Pompey’s defeat at Pharsalus in Thessaly was decisive. Antony ...

In 48 B.C., Julius Caesar (Sir Rex Harrison) pursues Pompey from Pharsalia to Egypt. Pharaoh Ptolemy XIII (Richard O'Sullivan), now supreme ruler after deposing his older sister, Cleopatra VII ...

Julius Caesar's popularity soars when he returns to Rome victorious after defeating the sons of Pompey. While the commoners continue to worship Caesar, the leaders of Rome become wary of Caesar's ...