tricking the processor into running instructions that require sensitive data from the memory. Retpoline was released a software-based solution to mitigate speculative execution attacks by using ...

During speculative execution, a CPU runs operations in advance and in ... speed up CPUs can also "[amplify] the severity of common software vulnerabilities such as memory corruption errors by ...

Spculative execution attacks works by tricking the CPU into executing an instruction ... in effect erecting the software equivalent of a trampoline that causes them to safely bounce.

That fix, called Retpoline, addresses Variant 2 of the two Spectre CPU attacks ... are a software construct which allow indirect branches to be isolated from speculative execution.

However, while the discarded effects of this speculative execution don't alter the outcome of a program, they do make changes to the lowest level architectural features of the processors.

are offered by the CPU to keep code and data loaded inside to be protected, with respect to confidentiality and integrity, from the Rich Execution Environment (REE). TEEs can provide a haven to ...