Learn how to incorporate latent variables and measurement errors in your covariance-based SEM model. Choose, model, and test reflective or formative indicators.

Content covered will include types of validity and reliability relevant to patient-reported outcome measures, common mistakes to avoid, review of reflective v formative latent constructs, overview of ...

The measurement model was assessed from both reflective and formative perspectives, using Google Forms to gather responses from 600 participants. The 60 questionnaire items exhibited high validity and ...

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the construct validity and reliability of the Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment (PPLA) instruments (a questionnaire and a tool using ...