This can be anything from a microcontroller and various controller ICs to ... was built using discrete 3-input RTL-based NOR gates. The competing diode-transistor logic (DTL) circuit technology ...

The history and continued need of small-scale integration ICs for digital-logic functions ... their low-power, CMOS, ECL, and higher-speed attributes). Nearly every hands-on circuit designer ...

Logic gates are constructed on ... are needed in the corresponding conventional CMOS circuit 27,28. This savings in the use of transistors in ICs not only leads to higher efficiency per transistor ...