So what's the difference between top down and bottom up ... main asset class where investors have a choice of a top-down or a bottom-up approach. More equity managers tend to be stockpickers ...

While top-down nanotechnology excels in precision and integration with current manufacturing processes, bottom-up approaches offer advantages in terms of material diversity and potential for novel ...

CC BY 3.0) At the heart of bottom-up nanotechnology lies a process driven by thermodynamics and kinetics, rather than the deterministic approaches characteristic of top-down methods. This fundamental ...