Water molecules on the surface of an electrode flip just before they give up electrons to form oxygen – a feat of nanoscale gymnastics that explains why the reaction takes more energy than it ...

Skoltech scientists discovered over 200 carbon-oxygen compounds with high energy potential, some rivaling TNT, offering new ...

Traumatic brain injuries, often resulting from falls or traffic accidents, lead to significant death and disability each year. Research into secondary brain damage, which follows the initial injury, ...

Bacteria used oxygen far earlier than expected, reshaping views on early life, evolution, and photosynthesis origins.

The process of catalysis—in which a material speeds up a chemical reaction—is crucial to the production of many of the ...

The Great Oxidation Event (GOE) some 2.4 billion years ago established the oxygen-rich atmosphere that many living things ...

Microbial organisms dominate life on Earth, but tracing their early history and evolution is difficult because they rarely ...