Using characteristic mode analysis (CMA), two orthogonal ... The size of a single antenna element and the 1 $\times $ 2 array-unit (AU) are 20 $\times $ 21.5 mm2 and 40 $\times $ 21.5 mm2, ...

In light of this, a cutting-edge AI-based method for condensing bubble detection and tracking in subcooled flow boiling is developed and validated in the present study. The present approach first ...