Read the marketing material for any fund and you'll often find the manager saying that they take either a "top-down" or a "bottom-up" approach. Sometimes they claim to do both: "the fund combines ...

Bottom-up processing is an explanation for perceptions that start with an incoming stimulus and work upward until a ...

Definition: Bottom-up nanotechnology is an innovative approach to constructing nanostructures that differ significantly from traditional top-down manufacturing methods. Instead of carving out or ...

The concrete fills the form under the window and pushes from the bottom up into the columns." The rest of the sections of the wall were placed from the top down. ABI Corp. used a superplasticizer ...

Top-down nanotechnology represents a traditional approach to nanofabrication, contrasting with the atom-by-atom assembly characteristic of bottom-up methods. This technique involves starting with a ...